Pulley block



M 5, 1953 K. HUVENDICK ET AL' 2,637,524

PULLEY BLOCK 2 Sl-IEETS-SI-IEET 1 Filed Aug. 15, 1949 May 5, 1953 K.HUVENDICK ET AL PULLEY BLOCK 2 SHEETSSHEET 2 Filed Aug. 15, 1949INVENTORS:

Patented May 5, 1953 PULLEY BLOCK.

Karl H-uwendick' and Heinz: Wiihelinig. Mulheim-Ruhr; GermanyfipplieationAugust 15,- 1949; SerfaPNB: 116,141'21" lnrswitzerlaml:August 19, 1948 a perfect manner a nnmber'ofj novel: invention"features; thusreducingthe'dead' weight of the:-

pul-leyblocks asfar as 50%- When compared withthe design hithertoknown;I

Anessential feature of the invention consists in'th-at the casing; inwhich the-bearings ofthe" gearing and the fixing mediums of thesupporting hook serving to suspend the pulley block are housed, is madefrom pressed sheet metali' The casing pref erabl-y" consists ofacup-shapedbod-y,

towhieh a platering-or thelike is fitted parallel to i-tsborder,the'fixing-med'iums-of the carrying hook being suitably arranged betweenthe a-fore said border and-the" sheet-ring.

Another important feature of the invention isthat the hou-sing' ofthe-pulley'block can he elosed by a pressed sheet" cover, on'whichhearingsfor the gearing and the-like c'an lie-shaped by thesheet'bod-yz Theinternal teethof the transmission gearof the sun and planettype isform'ed' o by a special spur rim-centrally enelosediby the coversupporting on the housing thus'being p'os sible to provide for thehearing for the gear basheton the'cover.

Another feature of the invention is arching thehand chain- Wheel 'in;such a Way that itencloses the braking members anol provides a crankpawl engaging the hollow oi" the: hand wheel; the

journal and':..sidi'ng flushing with the pawl tip.

This arrangementwhichis also of great ach an tags to other designsallows the puiiey -hlock-"to be compactly built with min-imumwidtha-Fe:- driving the gear spindle relative to the hand-chain wheel thepresent invention moor--- porates apin engaging with a projection-of'thehand ehainwheel. This important feature makesnianufacturing andmaterial. cost consider ablylower.

Carrying hook and'load hook of the" pulley bloc according to the"invention are similarly 4 shaped and provided-with a-forgedball' head,which also facilitates building pulley; blocks of this and" other types.possible by" using for connecting the'l'oad hook with the bottomblocktwo similarly shaped bear Theinventi'oni' makes: this" ing' shields, theends of "shields enclosing theload hook. headbeing detachably. connectedto each other.

In addition, the invention-provides ash-ackle, to connect thecarryinghooliwith. the hdusing. The shackle is preferably made from two identically shaped, partsifrtted. with projections of semi-circular shapefitting into recesses inthe housing, border and the sheet ring-.so asto:swivel.

Hoisting apparatus, especially spurw-heel pulley blocks are fitted asarrule with aload pressure brake: operated or loosened, .res'pectively'by turning the: driving? chaihwheeljlrelhtfle to thedrivingiwh'eel;

In'the" case of" pulley bloclrs,..in order to. oper ate" the loadfpressurehrakeqthe hand-chain wheel has been arranged so far'tot'ransversally slide. onthe. driving" shaft and fitted with internalthread engaging correspondent. threads of the drivingsl'i'aft;soiitllat; when the "hand-chain wheel is rotatedirelative"toithedriving'shaft; the chain. wheei isequa'lly displaced in transverse!direction, the chain. wheel" thus pressing in" onesense againstthebrakingmediums and detaching it from-them in another; This design ishighly effective; but most expensive: Theinvention shows, however: awayto essentially simplifying, and improving means for operating the loadpressure brake:

The principle" of'the" present invention consistsin producing thebraking pressure by" a keying' effec t tlre way of'forces hetween' thedrive chain wheel and an annular body'not rotatably" connected to-andarrange-don the driving shaft.

This prine-ipleean be realised in a' difierent way. The-outer side-ofthe hand -chain wheel" has a multiple end" key so as toform chamfer'surf'aceswith proper" taperangles to cooperate with corresponding bevelsurfaces of another end key-attached by end of the driving shaft; I'hehand-chain wheel is fitted, in thi's case; on the inner side with a huhs-l'iaped projection extending into anannular disk pressingagainstthebraking members. If in tlns case of this operation'the'hand-chain wheel isiturned relatively 'torthe driving shaft, the beveland key-surfacesof the-hand-chain wheel run'on' the-correspondent endkey: faces of the annular body", the hand-chain. wheel being pressedagainst thebraking mediums. When; the handi chain wheel. is rotated intheopposite. dilreetion', its: inner projection is; inversely moved;from the"br'al'e' and the. brake; is thusreleased.

Instead; of "constructing such. arrangement it is also'possibl'e'toprovide on the inner side of *eans' of bolts to the projecting the handwheel the bevel surfaces for producing the keying efiect and to form anopposite member fitted with correspondent chamfered faces on one of thebrake disks to be non-rotatably connected, but axially slidable on thedriving shaft, the hand-chain wheel being externally held by asupporting ring shaped with a front face vertical to the axis of thedriving shaft.

The essential advantage of this invention consists in that the end ofthe driving shaft and the hand-chain wheel can be made on its bearingsmooth and left without threads. Making the taper surface for producingthe keying effect is simple and requires no special machining as a rule.

Other features may be seen from the following description of a preferreddesign of the invention as shown on the drawing where Fig. 1 shows avertical section through the pulley block.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the pulley block according to Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows the pawl and a portion of the ratchet wheel for the pulleyblock according to Figs. 1 and 2 on enlarged scale.

Fig. 4 is an upper view of the parts shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 an upper view of the shackle for the carrying hook.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a modified form of the invention.

The housing of the pulley block shown on the drawing comprises acup-shaped sheet pressed basic body I having an annular vertical fiangeor edge portion 2. A sheet ring 3 is fitted parallel to edge 2 of thebody I, say by welding. Between edge 2 and sheet ring 3 the shackle forthe carrying hook 4 shown in Fig. 5 is arranged. The shackle is formedby two uniform parts 5 cmbracing the somewhat tapered head of thecarrying hook adjacent to the ball end 6 of the carrying hook. Each ofthe parts 5 has on either side an outer projection of semi-circularshape I. These fit into corresponding recesses in the housing border 2and the sheet rings 3 so as to swivel, the carrying hook thus beingconnected swivelling to the pulley block housing and the shackle.

The hollow of the casing I is closed by an arched sheet pressed cover 8concentrically embracing the border or flange 2. One bearing for thesprocket H and another for the gear basket connected thereto is formedby fianging the sheet body at 9 and ID on the casing i and cover 8. Thesprocket H and the bearing shield l2 of the gear basket have transversealigned openings for receiving the gear spindle or shaft [3 whichcarries outside on one end the hand-chain wheel I l serving to operatethe pulley block. The chain engaging with the hand-chain wheel is notshown in Fig. 1, but indicated in Fig. 2 by dash lines l5. At the top ofthe housing ring 3 a guard i6 is fitted which covers the chain wheel 14and keeps the hand-chain engaged.

The gear spindle I3 is provided with teeth I! engaging with the planetwheels is supported on the pins IQ of the gear basket. On the otherhand, the planet wheels I8 engage with the in ternal teeth of spur rim2B concentrically enclosed by cover 8 and fixed together with cover 8 tothe housing by means of screws 2|. The gear spindle I3 is connected tothe bearing shield of the gear basket by a pin 22 or the like.

The gear spindle or driving shaft l3 has at the end carrying thehand-chain wheel l4 threads 23, to which the hand-chain wheel screws on.This thread is such that the handchain wheel, when the load hook islifted performs a certain turning motion relative to the gear spindle bywhich it alters its position axially to the spindle. This causes thechain wheel to press its hub 24 against the toothed disk 25 fittedrotating to the gear spindle and through disk 25 on the driving disk 26non-rotatably fitted to spindle [3. Due to the friction between partsi4, 25 and 26, between which brake linings 21 are arranged, the wheel I4is connected to spindle l3.

When the hand-chain wheel is operated in the opposite direction, i. e.when lowering the load hook, the chain wheel equally performs at first arelative rotation to the gear spindle. Owing to that rotation the hub 24releases disk 25 which does not cause, however, the rotation in thisdirection, as it is retained by a pawl. The hand-chain wheel continues arelative rotation until its driving nose fliiencounters a pin 29 lodgedin the gear spindle, the gear spindle then being rotated in the samedirection as the handchain wheel.

When the load hook is lowered with attached load, the describedarrangement acts as a safety brake. The gear spindle, owing to the loadsuspended from the sprocket can only turn if and as long as thehand-chain wheel is moved away from the brake disk 25, i. e. as long asthe handchain wheel is rotated. When the hand-chain wheel is stopped orthe hand-chain is released, respectively, the thread 23 causesimmediately such a relative rotation of the chain wheel that its hub 26is firmly pressed against the brake disk and consequently also againstthe driving disk 28. Since in this direction of movement the brake diskis fixed due to the pawl action, a high friction is produced betweendriving disk 25 and brake disk 25 preventing further rotation of thegear spindle and stopping the lowering motion of the load.

As shown in Fig. 1 the hand-chain wheel is arched so as to cover thebraking members. Thus it is possible to arrange the groove 30 of thehand wheel near the housing I. The difference of the hand-chain wheelfrom the suspension point of the carrying hook 4 is correspondingly usedand with that also the tendency of the pulley block to tilt to the sidewhen lifting the load and operating the hand chain.

As shown in Fig. l in the hollow of the handchain there is also arrangedthe pawl acting on the brake disk 25. In order to make this pos sible,the pawl is of crank type, the hub 3| which is supported on a bolt 33fitted to casing l. The tip 32 of the pawl engages with the teeth of thebrake disk 25. The pawl is kept engaged with the brake disk by a spring34 supported, on the other hand, by a pin 35 in the housing I.

The pulley block shown on the drawing is equipped with a two-fall loadchain 36. One

fall of the chain is fitted to a cross piece 38 by means of screw 37,the cross piece being arranged between the housing edge 2 and sheet ring3. The cross piece preferably rotates on its axis.

The bottom block 39 carried by the load chain is connected to load hock40 by bearing pin 4| and two similarly shaped bearing shields 42. Thebottom end of the bearing shields is of semicircular shape as shown at43 and provided with lugs 46 which are perforated. The ends 43 embracethe ball head of the load hook and can be connected to each other byscrews 45. The bearing pin is kept fixed on one of the shields 42 by apin it bent at a right angle and secured by a split pin ll.

Carrying hook t and load hook id of the pulley block shown are ofsimilar shape. They are made from a uniform forging. Part 48 of the hookhead is tapered shaped and the bearing faces of the shield ends 43 arecorrespondingly formed for the hub head. Owing to this design the hookcan perform a certain swivelling motion and bending stresses of theparts holding the hook are prevented.

In the modification shown in Figure 6, the driving shaft is is fitted inthe usual way to the housing (not shown) preferably made from pressedhollow sheet metal and connected to the transmission gear.

Hand-chain wheel ms is rotatably arranged on the tapered end H33 of thedriving shaft. On the inner side it has a hub shaped projection Hiending into a disk [96 forming a member of the load pressure brake. Onend I95 cf the driving shaft the usual ratchet wheel i9? is arranged tocooperate with a pawl I98 blocking the rotation of the ratchet wheelill? in one direction. The pawl Hill can be arranged e. g. on aprojection Hill of the casing.

On the end Hi3 of driving shaft 53 is keyed or the brake disk H9.

Between the members of load pressure brak moving against each otherfriction linings ill can be provided.

On the outer side of the hand-chain wheel a projection H2 is providedending in a chamfer face Hi3 forming a front key of proper taper anglecorresponding to about one screw thread. On the shaft end Hi3 andopposite the key face MS a ring body lid is fixed to the shaft lit bymeans of pin H5. This body lid has on the front face opposite thehand-chain wheel a cam shape conforming to the surface i it of the chainwheel, a recess, however, being provided on the end of a key face--asshown at ll6which allows of a limited relative rotation of the chainwheel 394 to the ring body fi l and the driving shaft 53.

When the hand-chain wheel I94 is turned so as to lift the load, the faceN3 of the hand-chain wheel runs on the corresponding taper face of thering body M4, the hand-chain wheel being axially displaced on the shaftend I03 a little to the right and pressed against the braking mediumsthus a closing force between the handchain wheel and brake disk H0 isproduced, the latter supporting against projection ill of driving shaft63 and being non-rotatably connected to the driving shaft l3.

When the load is lifted to the height desired and chain wheel I04 isreleased pawl I08 prevents a back turn of the ratchet wheel ill! andalso of the brake disk Ht until the brake is in action. The moment ofrotation exerted by the load on the shaft it (in anti-clockwisedirection) keeps, by means of ring body I! the hand-chain wheel with itsinner braking projection I06 fixed against the ratchet wheel I01, sothat the brake remains in action.

Only in the case of the hand-chain wheel I84 being turned inanti-clockwise direction from this position for lowering the load, isthe brake released to move the load. The clearance between the key facesof the hand-chain wheel and the ring body H4 permits of a uniform delayin the lowering motion.

The invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in particular formand manner but may be variously embodied within the scope of the claimshereinafter made, and the right of making subsequent claims is expresslyreserved.

We claim:

1. A pulley block of the class described including a driving shaft, asprocket wheel on said shaft, a bearing shield on said shaft and spacedfrom said sprocket wheel, planet gears between said wheel and saidshield, means connecting said gears to said wheel and said shield, meansoperatively connecting said gears to said shaft, a substantiallycup-shaped casing enclosing said sprocket wheel, said casing having aninner central cylindrical shaped portion provided with an annularinwardly extending flange engaging the hub of said sprocket wheel, saidcasing having its outer end provided with an outwardly and radiallyextending flange, a plate ring connected to the cylinder portion of saidcasing and spaced from said radial flange, a cover enclosing said gearsand having a central flange engaging the hub of said shield, meansdetachably connecting the cover to the radial flange of the casing, acarrying hook having a depending shank extending into the space betweensaid flange and said plate ring, and movable means connecting said shankto said flange and ring so that the hook may be swung around an axissubstantially parallel to the axis of said driving shaft, said casingand cover being formed of press sheet metal of substantially the sameuniform thickness.

2. A pulley block as called for in claim 1 in which a spur rim enclosesand is operatively connected to the planet gears, said spur rim beingseparated from said cover.

3. A pulley block as called for in claim 1 having braking means on saiddriving shaft, said braking means including a driving disk fixed to saidshaft, a tooth disk rotatably mounted on said shaft, a pawl pivotallymounted on the annular flange of said casing, and yieldable meansmaintaining the pawl in engagement with said tooth disk.

4. A pulley block as called for in claim 1 in which a bearing shield ismounted on the driving shaft and connected to said planet gears, andmeans on the end of said shaft for maintaining the bearing shieldthereon.

KARL HUVENDICK. HEINZ WILHELMI.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 1,729,262 Chappelka Sept. 24, 1929 1,730,433 Macdonald Oct. 8,1929 1,913,861 Stahl June 13, 1933 2,243,361 Stahl May 27, 19412,256,296 Smith Sept. 16, 1941 2343884 Coiling Mar. 14, 1944 2,364,471Parker Dec. 5, 1944 2,489,022 Franks Nov. 22, 1949

